How to Recognize the Early Signs of Preeclampsia: Symptoms to Watch for During Pregnancy

What is Preeclampsia?

Preeclampsia is a serious health condition that can happen during pregnancy. It causes high blood pressure and can harm both the mother and the baby. Usually, preeclampsia starts after 20 weeks of pregnancy. However, it can also develop after the baby is born. Early care is important because preeclampsia can lead to problems if not treated. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), preeclampsia affects about 2–8% of pregnancies worldwide. In some areas, it is more common due to limited access to healthcare.

Symptoms of Preeclampsia

It is important to know the signs of preeclampsia. Some women may not feel sick at first. Still, symptoms can appear quickly. Watch for these common signs:

High blood pressure (often above 140/90 mmHg)

Swelling in the face, hands, or feet

Sudden weight gain

Severe headaches

Changes in vision, such as blurring or seeing spots

Pain in the upper right belly

Nausea or vomiting

Less urine than usual

If you notice any of these symptoms, you should contact your doctor right away. Early action can help prevent serious problems.

Causes and Risk Factors

Doctors do not know the exact cause of preeclampsia. However, several factors can raise your risk. For example, you may be more likely to get preeclampsia if:

This is your first pregnancy

You had preeclampsia in a past pregnancy

You are carrying twins or more

You have high blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney disease

You are over 35 years old

You are overweight or obese

You have a family history of preeclampsia

Even though these factors increase risk, preeclampsia can happen to anyone. Therefore, regular check-ups are important for all pregnant women.

How Preeclampsia is Diagnosed

Doctors diagnose preeclampsia by checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein. High blood pressure and protein in the urine are key signs. Sometimes, blood tests are also needed. These tests check your liver, kidneys, and blood clotting. In addition, your doctor may order an ultrasound to see how your baby is growing. Early diagnosis helps keep you and your baby safe.

Treatment Options

Treatment for preeclampsia depends on how severe it is and how far along you are in your pregnancy. Your doctor may suggest:

Regular monitoring of blood pressure and urine

Medications to lower blood pressure

Medications to prevent seizures (such as magnesium sulfate)

Bed rest or reduced activity

Hospital care for severe cases

Early delivery if the condition is dangerous

Sometimes, delivering the baby is the only way to cure preeclampsia. However, your doctor will try to keep you and your baby healthy for as long as possible.

Prevention and Lifestyle Tips

While you cannot always prevent preeclampsia, some steps may lower your risk. For instance, you can:

Attend all prenatal check-ups

Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables

Stay active with gentle exercise, if your doctor agrees

Limit salt and processed foods

Maintain a healthy weight before and during pregnancy

Manage existing health problems, like diabetes or high blood pressure

Always talk to your doctor before making changes to your routine. They can give advice that fits your needs.

When to Seek Medical Help

Preeclampsia can become serious very quickly. Therefore, you should call your doctor or go to the hospital if you:

Have severe headaches that do not go away

Notice changes in your vision

Feel strong pain in your upper belly

Experience sudden swelling or weight gain

Have trouble breathing

Quick action can save lives. Do not wait if you feel something is wrong.

In summary, preeclampsia is a serious but manageable condition. With early care and regular check-ups, most women and babies do well. Consult a healthcare specialist at Cloud Nine Banjara Hills if you have concerns about preeclampsia or experience any symptoms.